Demographics of Australia

Demographics of Australia
Population pyramid of Australia in 2022
Population	26,997,958 (as of January 2024)
Growth rate	1.60% (2023 est.)
Birth rate	12.3 births/1,000 population
Death rate	6.77 deaths/1,000 population
Life expectancy	83.09 years
• male	80.93 years
• female	85.36 years
Fertility rate	1.63 children
Infant mortality rate	3.01 deaths/1,000 live births
Net migration rate	6.93 migrant(s)/1,000 population
Sex ratio
Total	0.99 male(s)/female (2022 est.)
At birth	1.05 male(s)/female
Nationality
Nationality	Australian
Major ethnic	Irish English Scottish Chinese Italians Germans Aboriginal Australians Arabs[N 1] Greeks Dutch Vietnamese various others

The population of Australia is estimated to be 27,164,500 as of 28 April 2024.^[1] Australia is the 56th^[2] most populous country in the world and the most populous Oceanian country. Its population is concentrated mainly in urban areas, particularly on the Eastern, South Eastern and Southern seaboards, and is expected to exceed 30 million by 2029.^[3]

Australia's population has grown from an estimated population of between 300,000 and 2,400,000 Indigenous Australians at the time of British colonisation in 1788 due to numerous waves of immigration during the period since. Also due to immigration, the European component's share of the population rose sharply in the late 18th and 19th centuries, but is now declining as a percentage.^[4]

Australia has an average population density of 3.5 persons per square kilometre of total land area, which makes it one of the most sparsely populated countries in the world. This is generally attributed to the semi-arid and desert geography of much of the interior of the country. Another factor is urbanisation, with 89% of its population living in a handful of urban areas, Australia is one of the world's most urbanised countries.^[5] The life expectancy of Australia in 2015–2017 was 83.2 years, among the highest in the world.^[6]

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